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Blog Post #3

Simple Antonyms . ON/OFF

  1. The light is on.
  2. The light is off.

On and off mean the opposite of each other. If the light is on, it cannot also be on.

Gradable Antonyms.   WIN/LOSE

When playing a game there is always a winner and a loser.

Reverses.  UP/DOWN

They are opposite, something can either go up or down. If you move up you are not moving down, if you move down you are not moving up.

Converses.  MOTHER/DAUGHTER

  1. Mary is Sally’s mother
  2. Sally is Mary’s daughter

If you switch the order of the names and switch the words “mother” and “daughter” the sentences will still have the same meaning.

Taxonomic Sisters.   CAKE/PIE

Cake and pie are both hyponyms of desserts.

 

Blog Post #3

Simple antonyms             dead / alive

a) The goldfish is dead.

b) The goldfish is alive.

Because these two sentences are contradictory (one must be true, and the other false), dead and alive are simple antonyms. Something cannot be both dead and alive, or in an intermediate state.

 

Gradable antonyms        boring / interesting

(a) This movie is boring.

(b) This movie is interesting.

(c) This movie is neither boring nor interesting.

(a) and (b) can’t both be true, but they can both be false, so they are contrary. This means that boring and interesting are gradable antonyms

 

Reverses             create / destroy

One of these actions undoes the other.

 

Converses           teacher / student

(a) Dionna is Mark’s teacher.

(b) Mark is Dionna’s student.

If you replace teacher with student (or vice versa), and switch the order of the two names, you get a sentence with the same propositional meaning.

 

Taxonomic sisters           cherry / apple

A cherry is a kind of fruit, and so is an apple. They are both hyponyms of fruit.

Blog Post 3

  1. Simple antonyms: right/wrong

When we got back our grades, I found out I had gotten the first question right.

When we got back our grades, I found out I had gotten the first question wrong.

These are simple antonyms because they are contradictory, they cannot both be true and they cannot both be false.  One of these must be the correct answer, because any answer must either be right or wrong.  There is no middle ground.

 

2. Gradable antonyms: won/lost

We won the game.

We lost the game.

These are gradable antonyms because they can’t both be true, but they can both be false.  Or one could be true and the other could be false.  It is not possible to win and lose a game, but it is possible to tie a game.  To tie a game would mean that you neither win nor lose.

 

3.  Reverse pairs: left/right

When we get to the light, go left.

When we get to the light, go right.

These are reverse pairs because they signify motion or change in opposite directions.

 

4.  Converse pairs: student/teacher

Brandon is my student.

I am Brandon’s teacher.

These are converse pairs because they are words that name a asymmetric relationship between two different things, and the positions are opposite each other.  The two complement each other, Brandon needs a teacher and I need a student.

 

5. Taxonomic sisters: Toyota/Jeep

I drive a Toyota.

I drive a Jeep.

These are taxonomic sisters because they belong to the same class of words.  In this case, both Toyota and Jeep are kinds of cars.

 

 

Blog Post 3

Simple Antonyms:

The answer is wrong , the answer is right. The answer cannot be both or both cannot be true.

Gradable Antonyms: 

New and Old because something doesn’t have to necessarily be old if it’s not new. It can be a little worn out or having something several months after buying it doesn’t neither it new or old.

Reverses:

Enter and exit are examples as they are the reverse of the initial word if that makes sense. They are associated with each other as their opposites. You can either enter or exit a room.

I entered the room as my father exited.

Converse: 

I gave sara the book and she took it from me.

She sold the watch, someone bought it.

These are corresponding antonyms which are not necessarily the opposite of each other, but are related and based off each other. For example, she gave me something, therefore I received it. He is my husband, therefore that makes me his wife.

Taxonomical Sisters:

Green , Blue are taxonomical sisters since they both fall under the category of colors.

Scorpion , Spider are taxonomical sisters as they both fall under the category of Arachnids.

 

 

blog post 3

Simple antonyms

Hard, soft

  • This pizza crust is hard.
  • This pizza crust is soft.

These are an example of simple antonyms because they can be used as contradictory sentences. The pizza crust is either hard or soft not both or either.

 

Gradable antonym

Hot/ cold

  • Lily’s room is hot.
  • Lily’s room is cold.

These are an example of gradable antonyms because they can be one true and false or both true.

 

Reverse Pairs

Enter, exit

  • Jackie enters, from the front door.
  • Jackie exists from the back door.

These are examples of reversible pairs because they denote motion or change in the opposite.

 

Converse Pair.

Husband, wife

  • Jimmy is Lizeth’s husband.
  • Lizeth is Jimmy’s wife.

These are examples of converse pairs because they entail the relationship between Jimmy and Lizeth.

 

Taxonomic sisters

Amphibian, toads

  • Amphibians are all cold-blooded, aquatic gill-larvae stage.
  • Toads are amphibians.

These are taxonomic sisters because toads are the hyponym of the hypernym Amphibian.

Blog Post 3

Simple Antonyms 

Pass/fail

Nancy passed her road test.

Nancy failed her road test.

Simple antonyms are contradictory. Nancy has to either pass or fail her road test. This means that only one sentence can be true.

Gradable Antonyms

Clean/messy

Sara’s room was clean.

Sara’s room was messy.

These are gradable antonyms because her room can’t be both clean and messy.  It has to be one or the other.

Reverses

open/close 

The store was open today.

The store was closed today.

These are reverses because they denote motion or change in opposite directions.

Converses

father/son

Jerry is Tom’s father.

Tom is Jerry’s son.

Father and son are a converse pair because there is an asymmetric relationship between the two.

 

Taxonomic Sisters 

lizards/chameleons 

Lizards are a kind of reptile.

Chameleons are a kind of reptile.

Lizards and chameleons are taxonomic sisters because they are reptiles. They are the hyponym of the hyperonym reptile.

Blog Post 3

1.Simple antonyms–  Correct, Incorrect. 

  • Answer choice b is correct.
  • Answer choice b is incorrect. 

One of these sentences must be true and the other must be false.  They can’t both be false because answer choice b has to be either true or false.  This shows that correct and incorrect are simple antonyms.

 

2. Gradable antonyms–  Easy, Difficult.  

  • This exam is easy.
  • This exam is difficult. 

One of these sentences may be true, or they may both be false.  A student can find an exam to be easy, difficult, or somewhere in between, making easy and difficult gradable antonyms.  

 

3. Reverses– Build, Dismantle.

  • My brother built a sand castle.
  • My brother dismantled a sand castle.

Build and Dismantle are a reverse pair because something is either built or dismantled.  

 

4. Converses– Buy, Sell

  • X bought the car from Y = Y sold the car to X.

These words express the same relation, but with the positions reversed.  In any scenario where someone bought an item, there is someone that sold the item.  Similarly, in any scenario in which someone sold an item, there is someone that bought the item.  This means that the words buy and sell are a converse pair.  

5. Taxonomic sisters– Apple, Banana

                             Fruit

/\

Apple     Banana

Apple and Banana are taxonomic sisters because they are both types of fruit.  These two hyponyms share the same hyperonym.  

 

Blog Post 3 Oquendo

  1. Simple Antonyms

Pass / Fail 

a. I will pass the test if I study.

b. Usually, if I dont study for a test I fail.

You cannot pass and fail an exam at the same time making these two antonyms.

2.Gradable Antonyms

Bright/Dull 

a. My room was looking a little dull with white walls, so I painted the walls yellow.

b. The new yellow walls in my room make the room bright and fun.

When looking at the examples used in the sentence, the walls in your room can either be bright or dull. But the walls could also be plain, colorful, dark light etc.

3. Reverse Pair

Left/ Right

a. I need to turn left in two blocks to get to my destination.

b. If I turn right the next block, I’ll have to make a U-Turn.

This set of Reverse Pairs indicate a motion or change in opposite directions.

4. Converse Pair

Teacher/ Student

a. John is Bill’s teacher.

b. Bill is John’s student.

This is a converse pair because there is asymmetric relation between the two, those being the teacher and the student.

5. Taxonomic Sisters

Deer/Moose

Moose and Deer are taxonomic sisters because Moose are the largest members of the deer family. They are both apart of the Cervidae species. The X, being moose, and Y, being deer, represents that the relationship of the two are hyponymous therefore “An X is a kind of Y”.

 

 

Blog Post #3

Simple Antonyms: New/ Used

The can is new.

The can is used.

The can can not be both new and used because once something is used it is no longer new.

Gradable Antonyms: Neutral/ Drive

The car is in neutral.

The car is in drive.

the car can also be in sport and park so it has multiple options.

Reverse: Readable/ Unreadable

Your hand writing it readable.

Your hand writing it unreadable.

It can only be either or because either ya can read it or ya cant there isn’t really an in-between.

Converse: Employer/ Employee

She is my employer.

I am her employee.

One simply cant exist without the other. So both go together but separate

Taxonomic: Cheddar/ Mozzarella

The cheddar cheese was spoiled.

The Mozzarella cheese had not melted.

Both cheeses are from a bigger category which is cheese in general.

blog post 3

  1. Simple Antonyms

afraid and confident

a. She is afraid.

b. She is confident.

Exhaust range of possibilites, for things that they can collocate with no middle ground between them, they are binary.

2. Gradable Antonyms

bright and dull

a. The light was bright.

b. The light was dull.

These sentences are contrary. Both can’t be true but both may be false or one may be true and one may be false.

3. Reverses

down and up

a. He put the paper down.

b. He picked the paper up.

These are two words (normally verbs) if they denote motion or change in opposite directions.

4. Converses

doctor and patient

a. Mike is my doctor.

b. I am the patient to Mike.

Pairs or opposites where one can’t exist without the other. They are complementary antonyms.

5. Taxonomic sisters

dog and canine

a. Snickers is my dog.

b. Snickers is a canine.

A dog is a kind of canine. Snickers is a dog who is a canine. Certain kind of hyponymous relationship that involves classification.